Firms & Markets (Fall 2004)

Syllabus, Outline, and Calendar

Block 4

 

 


B01.1303.02, Firms and Markets                                                     Prof. Lawrence J. White

Fall 2004, Block 4                                                                              Office: KMEC 7-80

Class sessions: Mon, Wed 10:30-11:50pm, KMEC 3-65                212-998-0880

Office hours: Tues, Thurs 4:00-6:00pm                                            lwhite@stern.nyu.edu

                                                                                                http://www.stern.nyu.edu/~lwhite

 

                                                                    SYLLABUS

 

Course description:

 

            This course will employ the marginal analysis and the consumers-firms-markets perspectives provided by economics principles to enhance your understanding of the business environments in which you will be working and the important strategic issues that arise in those environments.  Issues of when and how markets work, when and how market failures can arise, and the consequences and opportunities for enterprises in those environments will be prominent.

 

            The course structure assumes that you have had some economics and calculus background.  You should be comfortable with quantitative concepts and approaches and with graphical/geometric ways of presenting quantitative information, as well as with basic algebra and calculus concepts, including systems of equations, logarithms, NPV calculations, and simple derivatives.

 

            There are a number of important themes/concepts that will pervade the course:

 

            -- Marginal analysis, incentives, and opportunity cost (all as related to the maximizing process), and elasticities as a measuring device

            -- Strategic thinking (e.g., look forward and reason back; search for dominant and dominated strategies)

            -- The concept of equilibrium

            -- The presence or absence of market power, and its consequences

            -- The presence or absence of information, and its consequences.

 

            Class sessions will often begin with brief discussions of recent articles in The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, and/or other publications that illuminate or are illuminated by the topics covered in the course.  You are encouraged (though not required) to read one or more of these publications and to contribute to the discussions.

 

            All class sessions will be videotaped and will be available digitally on a Stern server.  The URLs for each class session will be posted within a day or two of the class session.  The videos are not a substitute for class attendance and participation but can be used for review and for instances where missing a class is unavoidable.

 

Teaching assistant:

 

            The teaching assistant for this course will be Mr. Jin Xu (e-mail: jx227).  The specific times and places for his office hours will be announced and posted.

 

Course requirements/grading information:

 

            Final grades for the course will be determined on the basis of the following components and weights:

 

                        Two mid-term exams (2 x 25%)                       50%

                        Three group projects (3 x 10%)                        30

                        One group presentation                         10

                        Class participation                                            10

 

            The two mid-term exams will be closed-book exams, but you can bring a single 8-1/2" x 11" sheet of notes and a hand-held calculator to the exams.  Copies of former exams (and former answer keys) are part of the course materials, and review sessions will be held prior to the mid-term exams.

 

            The three group projects are the responsibility of each study group, and the grade for each group project applies to each group member.  Although some specialty of effort is inevitable, all group members are responsible for their group’s final draft submitted, and you should (at a minimum) participate in reading and editing drafts of each of your group’s project reports.  Similarly, group presentations are the responsibility of all members of each study group, and your participation is expected in gathering and assessing material, designing and checking the presentation, and participating in the presentation.  A separate document discusses the group presentations in more detail.

 

            Your participation in classroom discussions is important and will be graded.  Thoughtful comments/questions count favorably; quality is more important than quantity.  Advance review of class materials and readings is likely to help.

 

            Seven individual homework problem sets will be assigned and are required to be submitted on the dates indicated.  They will be graded on the basis of a check, check-plus, or check-minus.  Detailed answers will be distributed with the returned homeworks.  Performance on the homeworks will serve as a "tie-breaker" for the final grade if you are otherwise on a borderline.  You may consult with other students with respect to solving homework problems, but your homework submission should be your own submission, typed by yourself (but hand-drawn diagrams may be submitted).  Submission of a hard copy in class is strongly preferred; but an e-mail attachment sent before class (in the event that you cannot attend class and cannot ask a classmate to bring the hard copy) is acceptable.

 

            Final grades will follow Stern's guideline for core courses: no more than 35% of the class will receive grades of A or A-.

 

Texts and other materials:

 

            The recommended text for this course will be: Managerial Economics and Business Strategy, 4th edn., by Michael R. Baye (McGraw-Hill, 2003).  The text should be very useful for enhancing your understanding of the course.  There is also a Study Guide for the text, which is sold separately.   The text and the study guide are on sale at the NYU professional bookstore.

 

            Course materials (including this syllabus, plus class notes, handouts, homework problem sets, group assignments, former exams, etc.; but not the text or the study guide) are available in the course binder and on Blackboard, Stern's course management system:

 

http://sternclasses.nyu.edu/

 

You can log in using your Stern ID and password and look in "My Courses" for "Firms and Markets".

 

            As additional materials (e.g., answers to homework assignments, to group projects, to mid-term exams) become available, they will be distributed in class and posted on the Blackboard website.

 

Honor code:

 

            As is true for all courses at Stern, you are expected to adhere to the Stern Honor Code.

 

Course outline and calendar:

 

Wed Sept 8:  Introduction; key concepts

            Baye ch. 1

            Class notes; be prepared to discuss "A CONSULTANT’S TASK"

 

Mon Sept 13:  Review of basic supply and demand; elasticities; equilibrium

            Baye ch. 2

            Class notes

 

Wed Sept 15:  Demand in greater depth; utility maximization; indifference curves; consumer’s surplus

            Baye ch. 3 (skip pp. 92-102), ch. 4

            Class notes

            Individual homework #1 due

 

Mon Sept 20:  Supply in greater depth: production analysis; economies and diseconomies of scale; demand and supply for inputs

            Baye ch. 5 (pp. 150-173 only)

            Class notes

 

Wed Sept 22:  Supply in greater depth: cost analysis; the importance of marginal cost; horizontal, vertical, and scope economies/diseconomies; the role of technological change; the learning curve

            Baye ch. 5 (pp. 173-188), ch. 6 (skip pp. 214-222)

            Class notes

            Individual homework #2 due

 

Mon Sept 27:  Monopoly: basic concepts

            Baye ch. 7, ch. 8 (pp. 273-290 only)

            Class notes

 

Wed Sept 29: Monopoly: extensions: the "dominant firm"; monopsony; multi-product monopoly

            Baye ch. 14 (pp. 499-508 only)

            Class notes

            Group project #1 (Cinemex) due

 

Mon Oct 4:  Pricing with market power: market segmentation, price discrimination

            Baye ch. 11

            Class notes

 

Wed Oct 6:  Pricing with market power: extensions

            Class notes; be prepared to discuss “THE GAINS FROM ‘BUNDLING’”

            Individual homework #3 due

 

Mon Oct 11:  Perfect competition: conditions in commodity markets with lots of producers

            Baye ch. 8 (pp. 259-273 only)

            Class notes

 

Wed Oct 13:  Review

            Review recent first mid-term exam and answer key; come with questions

            Individual homework #4 due

 

Mon Oct 18:  First mid-term exam

 

Wed Oct 20:  Monopolistic (imperfect) competition

            Baye ch. 8 (pp. 290-299 only)

            Class notes

 

Mon Oct 25:  Game theory and strategic analysis: basic concepts

            Baye ch. 10

            Class notes

 

Wed Oct 27:  Game theory and strategic analysis: extensions

            Class notes

            Group project #2 (California Electricity) due

 

Mon Nov 1:  Oligopoly: basic concepts; the consequences of mutual interdependence; some “simple” solutions

            Baye ch. 9 (pp. 308-313, 331-340; skim pp. 313-331)

            Class notes;

 

Wed Nov 3:  Oligopoly: the prisoner’s dilemma applied; strategic extensions

            Class notes; be prepared to discuss “THE MONOPOLIST (DOMINANT FIRM?) AND THE STRATEGIC (POTENTIAL) ENTRANT”

            Individual homework #5 due

 

Mon Nov 8:  Uncertainty and risk; introduction to asymmetric information: agency, moral hazard, adverse selection, etc.;

            Baye ch. 12 (pp. 427-442 only)

            Class notes

 

Wed Nov 10:  Asymmetric information applied: output markets; insurance markets; input (labor) markets

            Baye, ch. 6 (pp. 214-223), ch. 14 (pp. 517-521 only)

            Class notes; be prepared to discuss “AN EXAMPLE OF THE ADVERSE SELECTION PROBLEM IN INSURANCE”

            Individual homework #6 due

 

Mon Nov 15:  Asymmetric information applied: input (capital) markets

            Class notes; article, "Financial Services in the Next Decade"

 

Wed Nov 17:  Auctions; why auctions? types of auctions; properties of auctions

            Baye ch. 12 (pp. 449-459 only)

            Class notes; be prepared to discuss “BIDDERS’ KNOWLEDGE/INFORMATION AND THE ‘WINNER’S CURSE’ IN AUCTIONS”

            Group project #3 (Newspaper wars) due

 

Mon Nov 22:  Externalities and public goods; why they arise; private and social problems; strategic responses; the importance of intellectual property.

            Baye ch. 14 (pp. 508-517 only)

            Class notes

            Group presentations: (1) The GE-Honeywell merger

 

Wed Nov 24:  Externalities applied:  Introduction to networks

            Baye ch. 13 (pp. 486-492 only)

            Class notes; article "Network Economics & Public Policy"

            Individual homework #7 due

 

Mon Nov 29:  Networks; their importance for industry structure and behavior; the importance of externalities; of economies of scale.

            Class notes

            Group presentations: (2) DeBeers and the market for diamonds; (3) The superjumbo game

 

Wed Dec 1:  Review

            Review recent second mid-term exam and answer key; come with questions

           

Mon Dec 6:  Second mid-term exam

 

Wed Dec 8:  Group presentations: (4) Second and third generation wireless; (5) Microsoft: network effects and innovation incentives

 

Mon Dec 13:  Group presentations: (6) Online music: firm strategy and public policy; (7) eBay: strategic behavior and market efficiency