#  gelman_timeuse.R
#  Graphics examples from Andrew Gelman:  
#  http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~cook/movabletype/archives/2011/04/the_r_code_for.html
#  April 2011 
#
# The data
a1 <- c(4.2,3.2,11.1,1.3,2.2,2.0)
a2 <- c(3.9,3.2,10.0,0.8,3.1,3.1)
a3 <- c(6.3,2.5,9.8,0.9,2.2,2.4)
a4 <- c(4.4,3.1,9.8,0.8,3.3,2.7)
a5 <- c(4.8,3.0,9.9,0.7,3.3,2.4)
a6 <- c(4.0,3.4,10.5,0.7,3.3,2.1)
a <- rbind(a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6)
avg <- colMeans (a)
avg.array <- t (array (avg, rev(dim(a))))
diff <- a - avg.array
country.name <- c("France", "Germany", "Japan", "Britain", "USA", "Turkey")

# The line plots
par (mfrow=c(2,3), mar=c(4,4,2,.5), mgp=c(2,.7,0), tck=-.02, oma=c(3,0,4,0),
  bg="gray96", fg="gray30")
for (i in 1:6){
  plot (c(1,6), c(-1,1.7), xlab="", ylab="", xaxt="n", yaxt="n",
    bty="l", type="n")
  lines (1:6, diff[i,], col="blue")
  points (1:6, diff[i,], pch=19, col="black")
  if (i>3){
    axis (1, c(1,3,5), c ("Work,\nstudy", "Eat,\nsleep",
      "Leisure"), mgp=c(2,1.5,0), tck=0, cex.axis=1.2)
    axis (1, c(2,4,6), c ("Unpaid\nwork",
      "Personal\nCare", "Other"), mgp=c(2,1.5,0), tck=0, cex.axis=1.2)
  }
  else{
    axis (1, c(1,3,5), c ("Work", "Eat,sleep ",
      "  Leisure"), mgp=c(2,.5,0), tck=0, cex.axis=1.2)
    axis (1, c(2,4,6), c ("Unpaid   ",
      "  P.care", "Other"), mgp=c(2,.5,0), tck=0, cex.axis=1.2)
  }
  if (i%%3==1) mtext ("Excess or deficit Hours/day", 2, 2.5, cex=.9, col="black")
  axis (2, c(-1,0,1), c("-1 hr", "Avg", "+1 hr"), cex.axis=1.3)
  mtext (country.name[i], 3, -1.5, col="black", cex=.9)
  abline (0, 0, col="gray")
}
mtext ("Excess or deficit hours/day spent at each activity (compared to avg country)", side=3, outer=TRUE, line=2, col="black")
mtext ("Redrawing of graph from the Economist, http://www.economist.com/blogs/dailychart/2011/04/time_use, using line rather than circle plots to facilitate comparisons within and between countries", side=1, line=1.5, outer=TRUE, cex=.7, col="black")

# The bar plots (these are cool) 
par (mfrow=c(1,7), mar=c(1,0,1,0), mgp=c(1,.5,0), tck=-.04, oma=c(3,0,4,0),
  bg="gray96", fg="gray30")
plot (c(0,1),c(.5,6.5), xlab="", ylab="", xaxt="n", yaxt="n", bty="n", type="n")
labels <- c ("Work, study", "Unpaid work", "Eat, sleep", "Pers. care", "Leisure", "Other")
text (0, 6:1, labels, adj=0, col="black", cex=1.4)
for (i in 1:6){
  plot (c(-1.2,2.2), c(.5,6.5), xlab="", ylab="", xaxt="n", yaxt="n", bty="n", type="n")
  abline (v=0, col="gray")
  for (j in 6:1){
    lines (c(0, diff[i,7-j]), c(j,j), lwd=3, col="blue")
  }
  axis (1, c(-1,0,1), c("-1 hr", "Av", "+1 hr"), cex.axis=1.05)
  mtext (paste(country.name[i],"   "), 3, .5, col="black", cex=.9)
}
mtext ("Excess or deficit hours/day spent at each activity (compared to avg country)", side=3, outer=TRUE, line=2, col="black", cex=.9)
mtext ("Redrawing of graph from the Economist, http://www.economist.com/blogs/dailychart/2011/04/time_use", side=1, line=1.5, outer=TRUE, cex=.7, col="black")