This page provides charts showing the properties of
major business cycle indicators. Peaks and troughs of the business cycle
are shown in the charts: they suggest the to the direction of the indicator
relative to the business cycle (procyclical, counter-cyclical, acyclical)
and the timing of the indicator (coincident, lagging or leading indicator).
In the figure a blue
(up) triangle represents a Peak of the business cycle while a red
(down) triangle represents a Trough of the business cycle.
Industrial production is pro-cyclical and coincident;
both consumption and investement are pro-cyclical with investment more
sensitive than consumption to the business cycle, as durable goods are
a larger fraction of investment than of consumption; capacity utilization
is procyclcial; employment is procyclical and coincident; the unemployment
rate is countercyclical; the inflation rate is pro-cyclical and lags the
business cycle (it tends to build up during an expansion and fall after
the cyclical peak); the short-term nominal interest rate is procyclical
and lagging; corporate profits are very pro-cyclical as they tend to increase
during booms and strongly fall during recessions.
WEB Source of tables: Business Cycle Indicators.